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+% ad-20230420.pdf - Lecture Slides on Algorithms and Data Structures in C/C++
+% Copyright (C) 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 Peter Gerwinski
+%
+% This document is free software: you can redistribute it and/or
+% modify it either under the terms of the Creative Commons
+% Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License, or under the terms of the
+% GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+% Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
+% any later version.
+%
+% This document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+% GNU General Public License for more details.
+%
+% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+% along with this document. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+%
+% You should have received a copy of the Creative Commons
+% Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License along with this
+% document. If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/>.
+
+% README: Typumwandlungen, Exceptions
+
+\documentclass[10pt,t]{beamer}
+
+\usepackage{pgslides}
+\usepackage{tikz}
+%\usepackage{rotating}
+
+\newcommand{\underconstruction}{%
+ \begin{picture}(0,0)
+ \color{black}
+ \put(6,-2.2){\makebox(0,0)[b]{\includegraphics[width=1.5cm]{Zeichen_123.pdf}}}
+ \put(6,-2.5){\makebox(0,0)[t]{\shortstack{Änderungen\\vorbehalten}}}
+ \end{picture}}
+
+\title{Algorithmen und Datenstrukturen in C/C++}
+\author{Prof.\ Dr.\ rer.\ nat.\ Peter Gerwinski}
+\date{20.\ April 2023}
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\maketitleframe
+
+\nosectionnonumber{\inserttitle}
+
+\begin{frame}
+
+ \shownosectionnonumber
+
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item[\textbf{1}] \textbf{Einführung}
+ \underconstruction
+ \hfill\makebox(0,0)[br]{\raisebox{2.25ex}{\url{https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/ad.git}}}
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \vspace*{-\smallskipamount}
+ \item[\dots]
+ \item[1.8] Templates
+ \item[1.9] Container-Templates
+ \item[1.10] Iteratoren
+ \color{red}
+ \item[1.11] Exceptions
+ \item[1.12] Typ-Konversionen
+ \color{orange}
+ \item[1.13] Intelligente Zeiger
+ \end{itemize}
+ \item[\textbf{2}] \textbf{Datenorganisation}
+% \begin{itemize}
+% \item Listen, Bäume, Hash-Tabellen, \dots
+% \end{itemize}
+ \item[\textbf{3}] \textbf{Datenkodierung}
+% \begin{itemize}
+% \item Fehlererkennung und -korrektur
+% \item Kompression
+% \item Kryptographie
+% \end{itemize}
+ \item[\textbf{4}] \textbf{Hardwarenahe Algorithmen}
+% \begin{itemize}
+% \item FFT, CORDIC, \dots
+% \end{itemize}
+ \item[\textbf{5}] \textbf{Optimierung}
+% \begin{itemize}
+% \item Wegfindung, \dots
+% \end{itemize}
+ \color{gray}
+ \item[\textbf{6}] \textbf{Numerik}
+ \end{itemize}
+
+\end{frame}
+
+\section{Einführung in C++}
+\setcounter{subsection}{12}
+
+\subsection{Intelligente Zeiger}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+ \showsection
+ \showsubsection
+
+ \textbf{Warum?}
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item
+ bereits freigegebene Zeiger werden u.\,U.\ weiterhin verwendet
+ \item
+ Speicherlecks
+ \item
+ uninitialisierte Zeiger
+ \end{itemize}
+
+ \medskip
+
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item
+ \lstinline{shared_ptr}
+ \item
+ \lstinline{weak_ptr}
+ \item
+ \lstinline{unique_ptr}
+ \item
+ \lstinline{move()}
+ \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+ \showsection
+ \showsubsection
+
+ \textbf{Wie?}
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item
+ R-Wert-Referenztypen: \lstinline{&&}
+ \item
+ \lstinline{move()}-Funktion
+ \end{itemize}
+
+ \bigskip
+
+ Literatur:
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item
+ \url{http://thbecker.net/articles/rvalue_references/section_01.html}
+ \item
+ \url{http://www.artima.com/cppsource/rvalue.html}
+ \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\setcounter{subsection}{10}
+\subsection{Exceptions}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+ \showsubsection
+ \begin{lstlisting}
+ try
+ {
+ ...
+ throw <value>;
+ ...
+ }
+ catch (<type> <variable>)
+ {
+ ...
+ }
+ catch ...
+ \end{lstlisting}
+ \vspace*{-4.6cm}\hspace*{5cm}
+ \begin{minipage}{7cm}
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item
+ Nach den \lstinline{catch()}-Statements wird,
+ soweit nicht anders programmiert, das Programm fortgesetzt.
+ \medskip
+ \item
+ \lstinline{throw;} (ohne Wert):\\
+ an übergeordneten Exception-Handler weiterreichen
+ \medskip
+ \item
+ C-Äquivalent:\\
+ \lstinline{setjmp()}, \lstinline{longjmp()}
+ \medskip
+ \item
+ speziell für \lstinline{<type>}:\\
+ Nachfahren von \lstinline{class exception}
+ \medskip
+ \item
+ veraltet:\\
+ \newterm{dynamic exception specifications}
+ \end{itemize}
+ \end{minipage}
+\end{frame}
+
+\subsection{Typ-Konversionen}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+ \showsubsection
+
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item
+ In C:
+ \begin{lstlisting}[gobble=8]
+ char *hello = "Hello, world!";
+ uint64_t address = (uint64_t) hello;
+ printf ("%" PRIu64 "\n", address);
+ \end{lstlisting}
+ \smallskip
+ \item
+ alternative Syntax in C++:
+ \begin{lstlisting}[gobble=8]
+ char *hello = "Hello, world!";
+ uint64_t address = uint64_t (hello);
+ cout << address << endl;
+ \end{lstlisting}
+ \smallskip
+ \item
+ zusätzlich in C++:\\
+ implizite und explizite Typumwandlung zwischen Zeigern auf Klassen\\
+ \lstinline{dynamic_cast<>()}\\
+ \lstinline{static_cast<>()}\\
+ \lstinline{reinterpret_cast<>()}\\
+ \lstinline{const_cast<>()}
+ \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+ \showsubsection
+
+ \url{http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/typecasting/}
+
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item
+ Zuweisung: Zeiger auf abgeleitete Klasse an Zeiger auf Basisklasse\\
+ \textarrow\ implizite Typumwandlung möglich
+ \smallskip
+ \item
+ Zuweisung: Zeiger auf Basisklasse an Zeiger auf abgeleitete Klasse\\
+ \textarrow\ nur explizite Typumwandlung möglich:\\
+ \hspace*{0.76cm}\lstinline{dynamic_cast<>()}, \lstinline{static_cast<>()}
+ \smallskip
+ \item
+ implizite Typumwandlungen in der Klasse definieren:
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item
+ Initialisierung durch Konstruktor
+ \item
+ Zuweisungs-Operator
+ \item
+ Typumwandlungsoperator
+ \end{itemize}
+ \smallskip
+ \item
+ implizite Typumwandlungen ausschalten:\\
+ Schlüsselwort \lstinline{explicit}
+ \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+ \showsubsection
+
+ \url{http://www.cplusplus.com/doc/tutorial/typecasting/}
+
+ \begin{itemize}
+ \item
+ \lstinline{dynamic_cast<>()}\\
+ Zuweisung: Zeiger auf Basisklasse an Zeiger auf abgeleitete Klasse\\
+ explizite Typumwandlung mit Prüfung, ggf.\ Exception
+ \smallskip
+ \item
+ \lstinline{static_cast<>()}\\
+ Zuweisung: Zeiger auf Basisklasse an Zeiger auf abgeleitete Klasse\\
+ explizite Typumwandlung ohne Prüfung
+ \smallskip
+ \item
+ \lstinline{reinterpret_cast<>()}\\
+ Typumwandlung ohne Prüfung zwischen Zeigern untereinander\\
+ und zwischen Zeigern und Integer-Typen
+ \smallskip
+ \item
+ \lstinline{const_cast<>()}\\
+ "`\lstinline{const}"' ein- bzw.\ ausschalten
+ \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+
+\end{document}
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+../common/pgslides.sty
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