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Übungsaufgaben 19.12.2019

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% Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License along with this
% document. If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/>.
% README: make, Byte-Reihenfolge - Endianness, Binärdarstellung negativer Zahlen, Speicherausrichtung - Alignment
% README: make, Byte-Reihenfolge - Endianness
\documentclass[10pt,t]{beamer}
......
% pgscript.sty - LaTeX Settings for Lecture Notes
% Copyright (C) 2012, 2015, 2017, 2018 Peter Gerwinski
%
% This document is free software: you can redistribute it and/or
% modify it either under the terms of the Creative Commons
% Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License, or under the terms of the
% GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
% Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
% any later version.
%
% This document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
% GNU General Public License for more details.
%
% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
% along with this document. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
%
% You should have received a copy of the Creative Commons
% Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License along with this
% document. If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/>.
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../common/pgscript.sty
\ No newline at end of file
% pgslides.sty - LaTeX Settings for Lecture Slides
% Copyright (C) 2012, 2013 Peter Gerwinski
%
% This document is free software: you can redistribute it and/or
% modify it either under the terms of the Creative Commons
% Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License, or under the terms of the
% GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
% Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
% any later version.
%
% This document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
% GNU General Public License for more details.
%
% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
% along with this document. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
%
% You should have received a copy of the Creative Commons
% Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License along with this
% document. If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/>.
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#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
int main (void)
{
uint64_t x = 4262939000843297096;
char *s = &x;
printf ("%s\n", s);
return 0;
}
File added
% hp-uebung-20191219.pdf - Exercises on Low-Level Programming
% Copyright (C) 2013, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 Peter Gerwinski
%
% This document is free software: you can redistribute it and/or
% modify it either under the terms of the Creative Commons
% Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License, or under the terms of the
% GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
% Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
% any later version.
%
% This document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
% GNU General Public License for more details.
%
% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
% along with this document. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
%
% You should have received a copy of the Creative Commons
% Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License along with this
% document. If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/>.
% README: Trickprogrammierung, Thermometer-Baustein an I²C-Bus
\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{pgscript}
\usepackage{gensymb}
\newcommand{\ItwoC}{I\raisebox{0.5ex}{\footnotesize 2}C}
\newcommand{\ITWOC}{I\raisebox{0.5ex}{\normalsize 2}C}
\begin{document}
\thispagestyle{empty}
\section*{Hardwarenahe Programmierung\\
Übungsaufgaben -- 19.\ Dezember 2019}
Diese Übung enthält Punkteangaben wie in einer Klausur.
Um zu "`bestehen"', müssen Sie innerhalb von 60 Minuten
unter Verwendung ausschließlich zugelassener Hilfsmittel
10 Punkte (von insgesamt \totalpoints) erreichen.
\exercise{Trickprogrammierung}
Wir betrachten das folgende Programm (Datei: \gitfile{hp}{20181210}{aufgabe-1.c}):
\begin{lstlisting}
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
int main (void)
{
uint64_t x = 4262939000843297096;
char *s = &x;
printf ("%s\n", s);
return 0;
}
\end{lstlisting}
Das Programm wird compiliert und auf einem 64-Bit-Little-Endian-Computer ausgeführt:
\begin{lstlisting}[style=terminal]
$ ¡gcc -Wall -O aufgabe-1.c -o aufgabe-1¿
aufgabe-1.c: In function `main':
aufgabe-1.c:7:13: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type [...]
$ ¡./aufgabe-1¿
Hallo
\end{lstlisting}
\begin{itemize}
\item[(a)]
Erklären Sie die Warnung beim Compilieren. \points{2}
\item[(b)]
Erklären Sie die Ausgabe des Programms. \points{5}
\item[(c)]
Wie würde die Ausgabe des Programms auf einem 64-Bit-Big-Endian-Computer lauten? \points{3}
\end{itemize}
Hinweis: Modifizieren Sie das Programm
und lassen Sie sich Speicherinhalte ausgeben.
\exercise{Thermometer-Baustein an \ITWOC-Bus}
Eine Firma stellt einen elektronischen Thermometer-Baustein her,
den man über die serielle Schnittstelle (RS-232) an einen PC anschließen kann,
um die Temperatur auszulesen.
Nun wird eine Variante des Thermo"-meter-Bausteins entwickelt,
die die Temperatur zusätzlich über einen \ItwoC-Bus bereitstellt.
Um das neue Thermometer zu testen, wird es in ein Gefäß mit heißem Wasser gelegt,
das langsam auf Zimmertemperatur abkühlt.
Alle 10 Minuten liest ein Programm, das auf dem PC läuft,
die gemessene Temperatur über beide Schnittstellen aus
und erzeugt daraus die folgende Tabelle:
\begin{center}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.2}
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}\hline
Zeit /\,min. & Temperatur per RS-232 /\,\degree C & Temperatur per \ItwoC\ /\,\degree C \\\hline\hline
\phantom{0}0 & 94 & 122 \\\hline
10 & 47 & 244 \\\hline
20 & 30 & 120 \\\hline
30 & 24 & \phantom{0}24 \\\hline
40 & 21 & 168 \\\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\begin{itemize}
\item[(a)]
Aus dem Vergleich der Meßdaten läßt sich
auf einen Fehler bei der \ItwoC-Übertragung schließen.\\
Um welchen Fehler handelt es sich,
und wie ergibt sich dies aus den Meßdaten?
\points{5}
\item[(b)]
Schreiben Sie eine C-Funktion \lstinline{uint8_t repair (uint8_t data)},
die eine über den \ItwoC-Bus empfangene fehlerhafte Temperatur \lstinline{data} korrigiert.
\points{5}
\end{itemize}
\iffalse
\exercise{Lauflicht}
\begin{minipage}[t]{8cm}
An die vier Ports eines ATmega16-Mikrocontrollers sind Leuchtdioden angeschlossen:
\begin{itemize}
\item
von links nach rechts\\
an die Ports A, B, C und D,
\item
von oben nach unten\\
an die Bits Nr.\ 0 bis 7.
\bigskip
\includegraphics[width=3cm]{leds.jpg}
\end{itemize}
\end{minipage}\hfill
\begin{minipage}[t]{7cm}
Wir betrachten das folgende C-Programm (Datei: \gitfile{hp}{20181210}{aufgabe-2.c})
für diesen Mikrocontroller:
\begin{lstlisting}[gobble=6]
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <avr/interrupt.h>
int counter = 0;
ISR (TIMER0_COMP_vect)
{
PORTA = 1 << ((counter++ >> 6) & 7);
}
int main (void)
{
cli ();
TCCR0 = (1 << CS01) | (1 << CS00);
TIMSK = 1 << OCIE0;
sei ();
DDRA = 0xff;
while (1);
return 0;
}
\end{lstlisting}
\end{minipage}
\medskip
Das Programm bewirkt ein periodisches Lauflicht in der linken Spalte von oben nach unten.
Eine Animation davon finden Sie in der Datei \gitfile{hp}{20181210}{aufgabe-2.gif}.
\begin{itemize}
\item[(a)]
Wieso bewirkt das Programm überhaupt etwas, wenn doch das Hauptprogramm
nach dem Initialisieren lediglich eine Endlosschleife ausführt,
in der \emph{nichts\/} passiert? \points 3
\item[(b)]
Erklären Sie, wie die Anweisung
\begin{lstlisting}[gobble=8]
PORTA = 1 << ((counter++ >> 6) & 7);
\end{lstlisting}
\vspace{-\medskipamount}
das LED-Blinkmuster hervorruft. \points 6
Hinweis: Zerlegen Sie die eine lange Anweisung in mehrere kürzere.\\
Wenn nötig, verwenden Sie zusätzliche Variable für Zwischenergebnisse.
\item[(c)]
Was bedeutet "`\lstinline{ISR (TIMER0_COMP_vect)}"'? \points 1
\item[(d)]
Wieso leuchten die Leuchtdioden PB2 und PD1? \points 2
\end{itemize}
\fi
\begin{flushright}
\textit{Viel Erfolg!}
\end{flushright}
\makeatletter
\immediate\write\@mainaux{\string\gdef\string\totalpoints{\arabic{points}}}
\makeatother
\end{document}
../common/pgslides.sty
\ No newline at end of file
......@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ Vortragsfolien und Beispiele:
* [21.11.2019: Interrupts, volatile-Variable, Bibliotheken: Einführung](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/raw/master/20191121/hp-20191121.pdf) [**(Beispiele)**](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/tree/master/20191121/)
* [28.11.2019: Präprozessor, Bibliotheken](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/raw/master/20191128/hp-20191128.pdf) [**(Beispiele)**](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/tree/master/20191128/)
* [05.12.2019: Bibliotheken, Differentialgleichungen](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/raw/master/20191205/hp-20191205.pdf) [**(Beispiele)**](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/tree/master/20191205/)
* [12.12.2019: make, Byte-Reihenfolge - Endianness, Binärdarstellung negativer Zahlen, Speicherausrichtung - Alignment](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/raw/master/20191212/hp-20191212.pdf) [**(Beispiele)**](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/tree/master/20191212/)
* [12.12.2019: make, Byte-Reihenfolge - Endianness](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/raw/master/20191212/hp-20191212.pdf) [**(Beispiele)**](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/tree/master/20191212/)
* [19.12.2019: Binärdarstellung negativer Zahlen, Speicherausrichtung - Alignment](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/raw/master/20191219/hp-20191219.pdf) [**(Beispiele)**](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/tree/master/20191219/)
* [alle in 1 Datei](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/raw/master/hp-slides-2019ws.pdf)
Übungsaufgaben:
......@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ Vortragsfolien und Beispiele:
* [28.11.2019: Datum-Bibliothek, Text-Grafik-Bibliothek, LED-Blinkmuster](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/raw/master/20191128/hp-uebung-20191128.pdf)
* [05.12.2019: Löschen aus Strings, Hexdumps](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/raw/master/20191205/hp-uebung-20191205.pdf)
* [12.12.2019: Kondensator, hüpfender Ball](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/raw/master/20191212/hp-uebung-20191212.pdf)
* [19.12.2019: Trickprogrammierung, Thermometer-Baustein an I²C-Bus](https://gitlab.cvh-server.de/pgerwinski/hp/raw/master/20191219/hp-uebung-20191219.pdf)
Musterlösungen:
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