Musterlösungen zu Aufgabe 1 vom 21.1.2016

20160121/loesung-1d-jawohl.c

+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#define ANIMAL     0
+#define WITH_WINGS 1
+#define WITH_LEGS  2
+
+typedef struct animal
+{
+  int type;
+  char *name;
+} animal;
+
+typedef struct with_wings
+{
+  int type;
+  char *name;
+  int wings;
+} with_wings;
+
+typedef struct with_legs
+{
+  int type;
+  char *name;
+  int legs;
+} with_legs;
+
+int main (void)
+{
+  animal *a[2];
+
+  with_wings duck;   /* "animal duck" --> Absturz */
+  duck.type = WITH_WINGS;
+  duck.name = "duck";
+  duck.wings = 2;  /* :-) */
+  a[0] = (animal *) &duck;  /* Jetzt erst ist das duck-Objekt fertig.
+                               Zeiger-Zuweisung zuerst wäre aber auch zulässig. */
+  with_legs cow;
+  cow.type = WITH_LEGS;
+  cow.name = "cow";
+  cow.legs = 4;
+  a[1] = (animal *) &cow;  /* Typumwandlung, weil "&cow" auf ein "with_legs" zeigt */
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
+    if (a[i]->type == WITH_LEGS)
+      printf ("A %s has %d legs.\n", a[i]->name,
+              ((with_legs *) a[i])-> legs);
+    else if (a[i]->type == WITH_WINGS)
+      printf ("A %s has %d wings.\n", a[i]->name,
+              ((with_wings *) a[i])-> wings);
+    else
+      printf ("Error in animal: %s\n", a[i]->name);
+
+  return 0;
+}

20160121/loesung-1d-nunja.c

+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#define ANIMAL     0
+#define WITH_WINGS 1
+#define WITH_LEGS  2
+
+typedef struct animal
+{
+  int type;
+  char *name;
+} animal;
+
+typedef struct with_wings
+{
+  int type;
+/*  char *name;  --> sonst Absturz */
+  int wings;  /* landet im Alignment-Dummy zwischen "int type" (32-Bit-Alignment)
+                                           und "char *name" (64-Bit-Alignment) */
+} with_wings;
+
+typedef struct with_legs
+{
+  int type;
+/*  char *name;  --> sonst Absturz */
+  int legs;
+} with_legs;
+
+int main (void)
+{
+  animal *a[2];
+
+  animal duck;
+  a[0] = &duck;
+  a[0]->type = WITH_WINGS;
+  a[0]->name = "duck";
+  ((with_wings *)a[0])->wings = 2;
+
+  animal cow;
+  a[1] = &cow;
+  a[1]->type = WITH_LEGS;
+  a[1]->name = "cow";
+  ((with_legs *) a[1])->legs = 4;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
+    if (a[i]->type == WITH_LEGS)
+      printf ("A %s has %d legs.\n", a[i]->name,
+              ((with_legs *) a[i])-> legs);
+    else if (a[i]->type == WITH_WINGS)
+      printf ("A %s has %d wings.\n", a[i]->name,
+              ((with_wings *) a[i])-> wings);
+    else
+      printf ("Error in animal: %s\n", a[i]->name);
+
+  return 0;
+}

20160121/loesung-1d.c

+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#define ANIMAL     0
+#define WITH_WINGS 1
+#define WITH_LEGS  2
+
+typedef struct animal
+{
+  int type;
+  char *name;
+} animal;
+
+typedef struct with_wings
+{
+  int type;
+  char *name;
+  int wings;
+} with_wings;
+
+typedef struct with_legs
+{
+  int type;
+  char *name;
+  int legs;
+} with_legs;
+
+int main (void)
+{
+  animal *a[2];
+
+  with_wings duck;   /* "animal duck" --> Absturz */
+  a[0] = &duck;
+  a[0]->type = WITH_WINGS;
+  a[0]->name = "duck";
+  ((with_wings *)a[0])->wings = 2;  /* Die Elemente von a[] sind Zeiger
+                                       auf "animal"s. */
+  with_legs cow;
+  a[1] = &cow;
+  a[1]->type = WITH_LEGS;
+  a[1]->name = "cow";
+  ((with_legs *) a[1])->legs = 4;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++)
+    if (a[i]->type == WITH_LEGS)
+      printf ("A %s has %d legs.\n", a[i]->name,
+              ((with_legs *) a[i])-> legs);
+    else if (a[i]->type == WITH_WINGS)
+      printf ("A %s has %d wings.\n", a[i]->name,
+              ((with_wings *) a[i])-> wings);
+    else
+      printf ("Error in animal: %s\n", a[i]->name);
+
+  return 0;
+}