Vortragsfolien und Beispiele 7.6.2021

c2292702 · Peter Gerwinski · 932e29d9 · c2292702 · c2292702 · c2292702
Commit c2292702 authored 4 years ago by Peter Gerwinski
--- a/20210601/fak-r-1.c
+++ b/20210601/fak-r-1.c
--- a/20210607/fak-r-1.s
+++ b/20210607/fak-r-1.s
+	.file	"fak-r-1.c"
+	.text
+	.globl	fak
+	.type	fak, @function
+fak:
+.LFB11:
+	.cfi_startproc
+	movl	$1, %eax
+	cmpl	$1, %edi
+	jg	.L8
+	ret
+.L8:
+	pushq	%rbx
+	.cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
+	.cfi_offset 3, -16
+	movl	%edi, %ebx
+	leal	-1(%rdi), %edi
+	call	fak
+	imull	%ebx, %eax
+	popq	%rbx
+	.cfi_def_cfa_offset 8
+	ret
+	.cfi_endproc
+.LFE11:
+	.size	fak, .-fak
+	.section	.rodata.str1.1,"aMS",@progbits,1
+.LC0:
+	.string	"%d! = %d\n"
+	.text
+	.globl	main
+	.type	main, @function
+main:
+.LFB12:
+	.cfi_startproc
+	subq	$8, %rsp
+	.cfi_def_cfa_offset 16
+	movl	$6, %edi
+	call	fak
+	movl	%eax, %edx
+	movl	$6, %esi
+	leaq	.LC0(%rip), %rdi
+	movl	$0, %eax
+	call	printf@PLT
+	movl	$0, %eax
+	addq	$8, %rsp
+	.cfi_def_cfa_offset 8
+	ret
+	.cfi_endproc
+.LFE12:
+	.size	main, .-main
+	.ident	"GCC: (Debian 8.3.0-6) 8.3.0"
+	.section	.note.GNU-stack,"",@progbits
--- a/20210607/fak-r-2.c
+++ b/20210607/fak-r-2.c
+#include <stdio.h>
+int fak (int n)
+{
+  return n * fak (n - 1);
+}
+int main (void)
+{
+  printf ("%d! = %d\n", 6, fak (6));
+  return 0;
+}
--- a/20210607/fak-r-3.c
+++ b/20210607/fak-r-3.c
+#include <stdio.h>
+int fak (int n)
+{
+  if (n <= 1)
+    return 1;
+  else
+    return n * fak (n);
+}
+int main (void)
+{
+  printf ("%d! = %d\n", 6, fak (6));
+  return 0;
+}
--- a/20210607/logo-hochschule-bochum-cvh-text-v2.pdf
+++ b/20210607/logo-hochschule-bochum-cvh-text-v2.pdf
--- a/20210607/logo-hochschule-bochum.pdf
+++ b/20210607/logo-hochschule-bochum.pdf
--- a/20210607/pgslides.sty
+++ b/20210607/pgslides.sty
+% pgslides.sty - LaTeX Settings for Lecture Slides
+% Copyright (C) 2012, 2013  Peter Gerwinski
+%
+% This document is free software: you can redistribute it and/or
+% modify it either under the terms of the Creative Commons
+% Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License, or under the terms of the
+% GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+% Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
+% any later version.
+%
+% This document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+% GNU General Public License for more details.
+%
+% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+% along with this document.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+%
+% You should have received a copy of the Creative Commons
+% Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License along with this
+% document.  If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/>.
+\usepackage{amsfonts}
+\usepackage[british,german]{babel}  % Yes, really "german" and not "ngerman".
+\usepackage[utf8]{luainputenc}  % Without this, umlauts are broken. Weird.
+\usepackage{microtype}
+\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
+\usepackage{times}
+\usepackage{helvet}
+\renewcommand*\familydefault{\sfdefault}
+\usepackage{graphicx}
+\usepackage{pstricks}
+\hypersetup{colorlinks,allcolors=blue}
+%% @@@ Not necessary for slides. Why???
+%% Repair kerning: Automatically insert "\kern{-0.15em}" between "//" % (in URLs).
+%\directlua{
+%  local glyph = node.id ("glyph")
+%  local function my_kerning (head)
+%    for t in node.traverse (head) do
+%      if t.id == glyph and t.char == 47 then
+%        if t.next
+%           and t.next.next
+%           and t.next.next.id == glyph
+%           and t.next.next.char == 47 then
+%          local k = node.new ("kern")
+%          k.kern = tex.sp ("-0.15em")
+%          k.next = t.next
+%          k.prev = t
+%          t.next.prev = k
+%          t.next = k
+%        end
+%      end
+%    end
+%    node.kerning (head)
+%  end
+%  luatexbase.add_to_callback ("kerning", my_kerning, "URL kerning")
+%}
+\usetheme{default}
+\usefonttheme{structurebold}
+\setbeamertemplate{navigation symbols}{}
+\setbeamersize{text margin left = 0.3cm, text margin right = 0.2cm}
+\setbeamertemplate{itemize item}{$\bullet$}
+\setbeamertemplate{itemize subitem}{--}
+\setbeamerfont{itemize/enumerate subbody}{size=\normalsize}
+\setbeamerfont{itemize/enumerate subsubbody}{size=\normalsize}
+\setbeamercolor{footline}{fg=gray}
+\newcommand{\sep}{~$\cdot$~}
+\newif\ifminimalistic
+\minimalistictrue
+\institute[Hochschule Bochum\sep CVH]{%
+  \makebox(0,0.005)[tl]{\includegraphics[scale=0.72]{logo-hochschule-bochum-cvh-text-v2.pdf}}\hfill
+  \makebox(0,0)[tr]{\includegraphics[scale=0.5]{logo-hochschule-bochum.pdf}}%
+}
+\setbeamertemplate{headline}{%
+  \leavevmode
+  \hbox to \textwidth{%
+    \ifminimalistic
+      \strut\hfill
+    \else
+      \rule{0pt}{5.7pt}%
+      \hspace*{8.55pt}\insertinstitute\hspace*{5.7pt}%
+      \raisebox{-30pt}{\rule{0pt}{1pt}}%
+    \fi
+  }%
+  \vskip0pt%
+}
+\iffalse
+  \setbeamertemplate{footline}{}
+\else
+  \setbeamertemplate{footline}{%
+    \leavevmode
+    \hbox to \textwidth{%
+      \usebeamercolor{footline}%
+      \usebeamerfont{footline}%
+      \ifminimalistic
+        \strut\hfill
+      \else
+        \,\insertshorttitle\sep
+        \insertshortauthor\sep
+        \insertshortinstitute\sep
+        \insertshortdate\hfill
+      \fi
+      \insertframenumber/\inserttotalframenumber
+      %Folie\,\insertframenumber\sep Seite\,\insertpagenumber\,
+    }%
+    \vskip0pt%
+  }
+\fi
+\newcommand{\maketitleframe}{%
+  \ifminimalistic
+    \begin{frame}[t,plain]
+      \insertinstitute
+      \par\vfill
+      \begin{center}
+        {\LARGE\color{structure}\inserttitle\par}\bigskip\bigskip
+        {\large \insertauthor\par}\bigskip\medskip
+        \insertdate
+      \end{center}
+    \end{frame}
+  \else
+    \begin{frame}
+      \vfill
+      \begin{center}
+        {\LARGE\color{structure}\inserttitle\par}\bigskip\bigskip
+        {\large \insertauthor\par}\bigskip\medskip
+        \insertdate
+      \end{center}
+      \vfill
+    \end{frame}
+  \fi
+}
+\definecolor{medgreen}{rgb}{0.0,0.5,0.0}
+\definecolor{darkgreen}{rgb}{0.0,0.3,0.0}
+\definecolor{lightred}{rgb}{1.0,0.7,0.7}
+\definecolor{medred}{rgb}{0.5,0.0,0.0}
+\definecolor{bored}{rgb}{0.89,0.0,0.098}
+\definecolor{lightgray}{rgb}{0.85,0.85,0.85}
+\definecolor{orange}{rgb}{1.0,0.5,0.0}
+\definecolor{darkgray}{rgb}{0.4,0.4,0.4}
+\newenvironment{experts}{\color{darkgray}}{}
+\usepackage{listings}
+\lstset{basicstyle=\color{structure},
+        language=C,
+        captionpos=b,
+        gobble=4,
+        columns=fullflexible,
+        aboveskip=0pt,
+        belowskip=0pt,
+        moredelim=**[is][\color{structure}]{¡}{¿},
+        moredelim=**[is][\only<2->{\color{structure}}]{²}{¿},
+        moredelim=**[is][\only<3->{\color{structure}}]{³}{¿},
+        moredelim=**[is][\only<4->{\color{structure}}]{°}{¿},
+        moredelim=**[is][\only<5->{\color{structure}}]{¤}{¿},
+        moredelim=**[is][\only<6->{\color{structure}}]{¢}{¿},
+        moredelim=**[is][\only<7->{\color{structure}}]{æ}{¿},
+        moredelim=**[is][\only<8->{\color{structure}}]{ø}{¿}}
+\lstdefinestyle{terminal}{basicstyle=\ttfamily\color{darkgreen},
+                          language={},
+                          columns=fixed,
+                          moredelim=**[is][\color{red}]{¡}{¿},
+                          moredelim=**[is][\color{blendedblue}]{°}{¿},
+                          moredelim=**[is][\sffamily\it\lstset{columns=fullflexible}]{²}{¿}}
+\lstdefinestyle{cmd}{basicstyle=\ttfamily\color{red},
+                     language={},
+                     gobble=2,
+                     columns=fixed,
+                     moredelim=**[is][\color{darkgreen}]{¡}{¿},
+                     moredelim=**[is][\color{structure}]{°}{¿},
+                     moredelim=**[is][\sffamily\it\lstset{columns=fullflexible}]{²}{¿}}
+\lstdefinestyle{shy}{basicstyle=\color{lightgray}}
+\setcounter{topnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\topfraction{0.7}
+\setcounter{bottomnumber}{3}
+\renewcommand\bottomfraction{0.7}
+\setcounter{totalnumber}{5}
+\renewcommand\textfraction{0.1}
+\renewcommand\floatpagefraction{0.9}
+\setlength{\unitlength}{1cm}
+\newcommand{\protectfile}[1]{#1}
+\urlstyle{sf}
+\newcommand{\file}[1]{{\color{structure}\protectfile{#1}}}
+\newcommand{\textarrow}{{\boldmath $\longrightarrow$}}
+\newcommand{\arrowitem}{\item[\textarrow]}
+\newcommand{\newterm}[1]{\emph{\color{darkgreen}#1}}
+\newcommand{\BIGskip}{\vspace{1cm}}
+\newcommand{\shy}{\color{lightgray}}
+\newcommand{\hot}{\color{red}}
+\newcommand{\shyhot}{\color{lightred}}
+\newcommand{\sectionnonumber}[1]{\section{#1}\addtocounter{section}{-1}}
+\def\showsectionnonumber{\hbox{\Large\color{structure}\bf
+                               \vtop{\secname}\par}\bigskip}
+\newcommand{\nosectionnonumber}[1]{\gdef\nosectionnonumbername{#1}}
+\def\shownosectionnonumber{\hbox{\Large\color{structure}\bf
+                                 \vtop{\nosectionnonumbername}\par}\bigskip}
+\def\showsection{\hbox{\Large\color{structure}\bf
+                       \vtop{\hbox{\arabic{section}}}\kern1em%
+                       \vtop{\secname}\par}\bigskip}
+\newcommand{\subsectionnonumber}[1]{\subsection{#1}\addtocounter{subsection}{-1}}
+\def\showsubsectionnonumber{{\large\color{structure}\bf\subsecname\par}\bigskip}
+\def\showsubsection{\hbox{\large\color{structure}\bf
+                          \vtop{\hbox{\arabic{section}.\arabic{subsection}}}\kern1em%
+                          \vtop{\subsecname}\par}\bigskip}
+\newcommand{\subsubsectionnonumber}[1]{\subsubsection{#1}\addtocounter{subsubsection}{-1}}
+\def\showsubsubsectionnonumber{{\normalsize\color{structure}\bf\subsubsecname\par}\bigskip}
+\def\showsubsubsection{\hbox{\normalsize\color{structure}\bf
+                             \vtop{\hbox{\arabic{section}.\arabic{subsection}.\arabic{subsubsection}}}\kern1em%
+                             \vtop{\subsubsecname}\par}\bigskip}
--- a/20210607/rtech-20210607.pdf
+++ b/20210607/rtech-20210607.pdf
--- a/20210607/rtech-20210607.tex
+++ b/20210607/rtech-20210607.tex
+% rtech-20210607.pdf - Lecture Slides on Computer Technology
+% Copyright (C) 2012, 2013, 2014, 2021  Peter Gerwinski
+%
+% This document is free software: you can redistribute it and/or
+% modify it either under the terms of the Creative Commons
+% Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License, or under the terms of the
+% GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software
+% Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option)
+% any later version.
+%
+% This document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+% but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+% MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+% GNU General Public License for more details.
+%
+% You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+% along with this document.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+%
+% You should have received a copy of the Creative Commons
+% Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License along with this
+% document.  If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/>.
+% README: Architekturmerkmale von Prozessoren
+\documentclass[10pt,t]{beamer}
+\usepackage{pgslides}
+\usepackage{rotating}
+\lstdefinestyle{asm}{basicstyle=\color{structure},
+                     language={},
+                     gobble=4}
+\title{Rechnertechnik}
+\author{Prof.\ Dr.\ rer.\ nat.\ Peter Gerwinski}
+\date{7.\ Juni 2021}
+\begin{document}
+\maketitleframe
+\sectionnonumber{\inserttitle}
+\begin{frame}
+  \showsectionnonumber
+  \begin{itemize}
+    \item[\textbf{1}] \textbf{Einführung}
+    \item[\textbf{2}] \textbf{Vom Schaltkreis zum Computer}
+    \item[\textbf{3}] \textbf{Architekturmerkmale von Prozessoren}
+    \item[\textbf{4}] \textbf{Der CPU-Stack}
+      \begin{itemize}
+        \color{medgreen}
+        \item[4.1] Implementation
+        \item[4.2] Unterprogramme
+        \item[4.3] Register sichern
+      \end{itemize}
+    \color{gray}
+%    \item[\textbf{5}] \textbf{Hardwarenahe Programmierung}
+%    \item[\textbf{6}] \textbf{Anwender-Software}
+%    \item[\textbf{7}] \textbf{Bus-Systeme}
+%    \item[\textbf{8}] \textbf{Pipelining}
+    \item[\textbf{\dots\hspace{-0.75em}}]
+%    \item[\textbf{9}] \textbf{Ausblick}
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+\setcounter{section}{3}
+\section{Der CPU-Stack\label{CPU-Stack}}
+\subsection{Implementation}
+\begin{frame}
+  \showsection
+  \showsubsection
+  Speicher, in dem Werte "`gestapelt"' werden: \newterm{Stack}
+  \begin{itemize}
+    \item
+      Speicherbereich (ein array) reservieren
+    \item
+      Variable (typischerweise: Prozessorregister) als
+      \newterm{Stack Pointer\/} reservieren \textarrow\ \lstinline{SP}
+    \item
+      Assembler-Befehl \lstinline[style=asm]{push foo}: \quad
+      \lstinline{*SP++ = foo;}
+    \item
+      Assembler-Befehl \lstinline[style=asm]{pop bar}: \quad
+      \lstinline{bar = *--SP;}
+  \end{itemize}
+%  \pause
+  \medskip
+  Speziell: Unterprogramme
+\end{frame}
+\subsection{Unterprogramme}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+  \showsection
+  \showsubsection
+  \begin{minipage}[t]{4.5cm}
+    Parameter:
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item
+        Prozessorregister
+      \item
+        CPU-Stack
+    \end{itemize}
+    \smallskip
+    Rückgabewert:
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item
+        Prozessorregister
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{minipage}%
+  \begin{minipage}[t]{5cm}
+    Aufruf:
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item
+        \lstinline[style=asm]{push IP}\\
+        \lstinline[style=asm]{jmp foo}
+        {\color{red}\boldmath $\longleftarrow$ mov \#foo IP}\\
+        \textarrow\ \lstinline[style=asm]{call foo}
+    \end{itemize}
+    Rücksprung:
+    \begin{itemize}
+      \item
+        \lstinline[style=asm]{pop IP}\\
+        \textarrow\ \lstinline[style=asm]{ret}
+    \end{itemize}
+  \end{minipage}
+\end{frame}
+\subsection{Register sichern}
+\begin{frame}
+  \showsection
+  \showsubsection
+  Ein Unterprogramm verändert Registerinhalte.
+  \begin{itemize}
+    \item
+      im Hauptprogramm nötigenfalls vor Aufruf sichern
+    \item
+      im Unterprogramm vor Benutzung sichern
+    \item
+      Kombinationen (manche Register so, manche so)
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+\section{Anwender-Software}
+\subsection{Relokation und Linken}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+  \showsection
+  \vspace*{-\smallskipamount}
+  \showsubsection
+  Software im Speicher
+  \begin{center}
+    \setlength{\unitlength}{0.8cm}
+    \begin{picture}(15,3)(2,-1.25)
+      \footnotesize
+      \put(2,1.0){\line(1,0){15}}
+      \multiput(2,1)(0.1,0){151}{\line(0,1){0.1}}
+      \put(2,1.1){\line(1,0){15}}
+      \put(3.5,1.2){$\overbrace{\rule{10\unitlength}{0pt}}$}
+      \only<4->{%
+        \put(3.5,-0.05){\vector(0,1){1}}
+        \put(2.5,-0.05){\line(1,0){1}}
+        \put(2.4,-0.05){\makebox(0,0)[r]{\lstinline|CS|}}}
+      \put(4.95,0.7){\line(0,1){0.25}}
+      \put(4.95,0.7){\line(1,0){0.5}}
+      \put(5.45,0.7){\vector(0,1){0.25}}
+      \put(6.65,0.7){\line(0,1){0.25}}
+      \put(6.65,0.7){\line(1,0){0.8}}
+      \put(7.45,0.7){\vector(0,1){0.25}}
+      \put(9.55,0.6){\line(0,1){0.35}}
+      \put(9.55,0.6){\line(-1,0){3.2}}
+      \put(6.35,0.6){\vector(0,1){0.35}}
+      \put(7.25,0.4){\makebox(0,0)[t]{Sprünge innerhalb des Programms}}
+      \put(8.50,1.55){\makebox(0,0)[b]{Programm}}
+    \end{picture}
+    \pause
+    \begin{picture}(15,3)(0,-1.25)
+      \footnotesize
+      \put(0,1.0){\line(1,0){15}}
+      \multiput(0,1)(0.1,0){151}{\line(0,1){0.1}}
+      \put(0,1.1){\line(1,0){15}}
+      \put(3.5,1.2){$\overbrace{\rule{10\unitlength}{0pt}}$}
+      \only<4->{%
+        \put(3.5,-0.05){\vector(0,1){1}}
+        \put(2.5,-0.05){\line(1,0){1}}
+        \put(2.4,-0.05){\makebox(0,0)[r]{\lstinline|CS|}}}
+      \put(4.95,0.7){\line(0,1){0.25}}
+      \put(4.95,0.7){\line(1,0){0.5}}
+      \put(5.45,0.7){\vector(0,1){0.25}}
+      \put(6.65,0.7){\line(0,1){0.25}}
+      \put(6.65,0.7){\line(1,0){0.8}}
+      \put(7.45,0.7){\vector(0,1){0.25}}
+      \put(9.55,0.6){\line(0,1){0.35}}
+      \put(9.55,0.6){\line(-1,0){3.2}}
+      \put(6.35,0.6){\vector(0,1){0.35}}
+      \put(7.25,0.4){\makebox(0,0)[t]{Sprünge innerhalb des Programms}}
+      \put(8.50,1.55){\makebox(0,0)[b]{Programm}}
+    \end{picture}
+  \end{center}
+  \pause
+  \vspace*{-0.8cm}
+  Sprünge anpassen: Relokation
+  \pause
+  \smallskip
+  Hardware-Unterstützung (z.\,B.\ Intel): Speichersegmentierung
+  \lstinline{CS} = Code-Segment: Segment-Register oder Selektor
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+  \showsubsection
+  \vspace*{-0.8cm}
+  \begin{center}
+    \setlength{\unitlength}{0.8cm}
+    \begin{picture}(15,4.2)(2,-1.25)
+      \footnotesize
+      \put(2,1.0){\line(1,0){15}}
+      \multiput(2,1)(0.1,0){151}{\line(0,1){0.1}}
+      \put(2,1.1){\line(1,0){15}}
+      \put(3.5,1.2){$\overbrace{\rule{8.0\unitlength}{0pt}}$}
+      \put(7.50,1.55){\makebox(0,0)[b]{Programm}}
+      \put(12.2,2.2){$\overbrace{\rule{3.0\unitlength}{0pt}}$}
+      \put(13.7,2.55){\makebox(0,0)[b]{Bibliothek}}
+      \put(8.45,0.95){\line(0,-1){1}}
+      \put(8.45,-0.05){\line(1,0){5.5}}
+      \put(13.95,-0.05){\vector(0,1){1}}
+      \put(13.95,1.25){\begin{rotate}{45}\normalsize\lstinline{scanf}\end{rotate}}
+      \put(10.15,0.95){\line(0,-1){0.8}}
+      \put(10.15,0.15){\line(1,0){2.5}}
+      \put(12.65,0.15){\vector(0,1){0.8}}
+      \put(12.65,1.25){\begin{rotate}{45}\normalsize\lstinline{printf}\end{rotate}}
+      \put(11.20,-0.25){\makebox(0,0)[t]{Sprünge aus dem Programm heraus}}
+    \end{picture}
+    \pause
+    \begin{picture}(15,4.2)(2,-1.25)
+      \footnotesize
+      \put(2,1.0){\line(1,0){15}}
+      \multiput(2,1)(0.1,0){151}{\line(0,1){0.1}}
+      \put(2,1.1){\line(1,0){15}}
+      \put(3.5,1.2){$\overbrace{\rule{8.0\unitlength}{0pt}}$}
+      \put(7.50,1.55){\makebox(0,0)[b]{Programm}}
+      \put(13.2,2.2){$\overbrace{\rule{3.0\unitlength}{0pt}}$}
+      \put(14.7,2.55){\makebox(0,0)[b]{Bibliothek}}
+      \put(8.45,0.95){\line(0,-1){1}}
+      \put(8.45,-0.05){\line(1,0){6.5}}
+      \put(14.95,-0.05){\vector(0,1){1}}
+      \put(14.95,1.25){\begin{rotate}{45}\normalsize\lstinline{scanf}\end{rotate}}
+      \put(10.15,0.95){\line(0,-1){0.8}}
+      \put(10.15,0.15){\line(1,0){3.5}}
+      \put(13.65,0.15){\vector(0,1){0.8}}
+      \put(13.65,1.25){\begin{rotate}{45}\normalsize\lstinline{printf}\end{rotate}}
+      \put(12.20,-0.25){\makebox(0,0)[t]{Sprünge aus dem Programm heraus}}
+    \end{picture}
+  \end{center}
+  \pause
+  \vspace*{-0.8cm}
+  Sprünge anpassen: Linken
+  \pause
+  \smallskip
+  Beim Erzeugen der Datei: statisches Linken\\
+  Beim Laden: dynamisches Linken
+\end{frame}
+\subsection{Dateiformate}
+\begin{frame}
+  \visible<3->{\showsubsection}
+  Man kann Maschinenprogramme nicht "`einfach so"' in den Speicher laden.
+  \pause
+  \bigskip
+  Sprünge anpassen
+  \begin{itemize}
+    \item
+      Relokation: Relokationstabelle
+    \item
+      Linken: Symboltabelle
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+\begin{frame}
+  \showsubsection
+  \vspace*{-0.5cm}
+  \begin{center}
+    \setlength{\unitlength}{0.8cm}
+    \begin{picture}(15,6)(0,-1.25)
+      \footnotesize
+      \put(0,1.0){\line(1,0){15}}
+      \multiput(0,1)(0.1,0){151}{\line(0,1){0.1}}
+      \put(0,1.1){\line(1,0){15}}
+      \put(0,0.8){\makebox(0,0)[tl]{Ausführbare Binärdatei}}
+      \put(0.5,1.2){$\overbrace{\rule{1.0\unitlength}{0pt}}$}
+      \put(2.0,1.2){$\overbrace{\rule{1.0\unitlength}{0pt}}$}
+      \put(3.5,1.2){$\overbrace{\rule{11.5\unitlength}{0pt}}$}
+      \put(0,4.0){\line(1,0){5}}
+      \multiput(0,3.5)(0.5,0){11}{\line(0,1){0.5}}
+      \put(0,3.5){\line(1,0){5}}
+      \put(0,4.2){\makebox(0,0)[bl]{Relokationstabelle}}
+      \put(1.0,3.4){\line(0,-1){1.9}}
+      \put(3.75,3.4){\vector(1,-2){1.2}}
+      \put(4.25,3.4){\vector(1,-1){2.4}}
+      \put(4.75,3.4){\vector(2,-1){4.8}}
+      \put(4.95,0.7){\line(0,1){0.25}}
+      \put(4.95,0.7){\line(1,0){0.5}}
+      \put(5.45,0.7){\vector(0,1){0.25}}
+      \put(6.65,0.7){\line(0,1){0.25}}
+      \put(6.65,0.7){\line(1,0){0.8}}
+      \put(7.45,0.7){\vector(0,1){0.25}}
+      \put(9.55,0.6){\line(0,1){0.35}}
+      \put(9.55,0.6){\line(-1,0){3.2}}
+      \put(6.35,0.6){\vector(0,1){0.35}}
+      \put(7.25,0.4){\makebox(0,0)[t]{Sprünge innerhalb des Programms}}
+      \put(6,4.0){\line(1,0){5}}
+      \multiput(6,3.5)(0.5,0){11}{\line(0,1){0.5}}
+      \put(6,3.5){\line(1,0){5}}
+      \put(6,4.2){\makebox(0,0)[bl]{Symboltabelle}}
+      \put(6.4,3.4){\line(-2,-1){3.8}}
+      \put(10.25,3.4){\vector(1,-2){1.2}}
+      \put(10.75,3.4){\vector(1,-1){2.4}}
+      \put(9.25,1.55){\line(0,1){1}}
+      \put(8.50,2.60){\makebox(0,0)[b]{Maschinenprogramm}}
+      \put(11.45,0.95){\vector(0,-1){1}}
+      \put(11.45,-0.10){\makebox(0,0)[t]{\lstinline{scanf}}}
+      \put(13.15,0.95){\vector(0,-1){1}}
+      \put(13.15,-0.10){\makebox(0,0)[t]{\lstinline{printf}}}
+      \put(12.30,-0.50){\makebox(0,0)[t]{Sprünge aus dem Programm heraus}}
+    \end{picture}
+  \end{center}
+  \vspace*{-1.2cm}
+  \begin{onlyenv}<2>
+    Ausführbare Binärdatei:
+    \smallskip
+    Relokationstabelle,\\
+    Symboltabelle für dynamischen Linker
+    \smallskip
+    Formate: a.out, COFF, ELF, \dots\\
+    Dateiendungen: (keine), .elf, .com, .exe, .scr
+  \end{onlyenv}
+  \begin{onlyenv}<3>
+    Objektdatei:
+    \smallskip
+    Relokationstabelle,\\
+    Symboltabellen für statischen und dynamischen Linker
+    \smallskip
+    Formate: a.out, COFF, ELF, \dots\\
+    Dateiendungen: .o, .obj
+  \end{onlyenv}
+  \begin{onlyenv}<4->
+    \strut\\
+    Bibliothek:
+    \smallskip
+    Zusammenfassung mehrerer Objekt-Dateien
+    \smallskip
+    Statische Bibliotheken: .a, .lib\\
+    Dynamische Bibliotheken: .so, .dll
+  \end{onlyenv}
+\end{frame}
+\subsection{Die Toolchain}
+\begin{frame}[fragile]
+  \showsubsection
+  \vspace*{-0.8cm}
+  \begin{center}
+    \addtolength{\leftskip}{4cm}
+    \small
+    \newcommand{\vtextarrow}[1]{%
+      \begin{picture}(0,0.8)
+        \put(0,0.8){\vector(0,-1){0.8}}
+        \put(0.125,0.4){\makebox(0,0)[l]{#1}}
+      \end{picture}}
+    \framebox{\shortstack{\strut menschliche Gedanken}}
+    \vtextarrow{Texteditor}
+    \framebox{\shortstack{\strut C-Quelltext}} % (z.\,B.\ hello.c)}}
+    \vtextarrow{Compiler}
+    \framebox{\shortstack{\strut Assembler-Quelltext}} % (z.\,B.\ hello.s, hello.asm)}}
+    \vtextarrow{Assembler}
+    \framebox{\shortstack{\strut Objekt- und Bibliothek-Dateien}} % (z.\,B.\ hello.o, hello.obj)}}
+    \vtextarrow{Linker}
+    \framebox{\shortstack{\strut ausführbare Binärdatei}} % (z.\,B.\ hello, hello.exe)}}
+    \vtextarrow{Loader}
+    \framebox{\shortstack{\strut Programm im Speicher bereit zur Ausführung}}
+  \end{center}
+  \pause
+  \vspace*{-7cm}
+  Automatischer Aufruf:
+  \begin{itemize}
+    \item
+      Entwicklungsumgebungen\\
+      (z.\,B.\ Eclipse, Code::Blocks, \dots)
+    \medskip
+    \item
+      \file{gcc} = Compiler\\
+      \hspace*{3em}+ Assembler\\
+      \hspace*{3em}+ Linker\\
+      \hspace*{3em}+ \dots
+    \medskip
+    \item
+      \file{make} kann \emph{alles} aufrufen
+  \end{itemize}
+\end{frame}
+\subsection{Besonderheiten von Mikro-Controllern}
+\begin{frame}
+  \showsubsection
+  Kein Betriebssystem\pause\\
+  \textarrow\ kein Relocator, kein dynamischer Linker\pause\\
+  \textarrow\ Wir müssen dem Mikro-Controller alles "`mundgerecht"' servieren.
+  \pause
+  \smallskip
+  \begin{itemize}
+    \item
+      fertiges ROM: Hersteller
+    \item
+      Flash-Speicher und In-System Programmer (ISP)
+    \item
+      Flash-Speicher und Boot-Loader
+  \end{itemize}
+  \smallskip
+  In jedem Fall: statisch linken, Relokation vorher
+  \begin{picture}(0,0)
+    \color{red}
+    \put(0.1,0.1){\line(1,0){1.2}}
+    \put(1.3,0.1){\vector(0,1){2.2}}
+  \end{picture}\\
+  \textarrow\ ELF-Datei in HEX-Datei umwandeln
+  \smallskip
+  Format: Intel-Hex-Format\\
+  Dateiendung: .hex
+\end{frame}
+\end{document}
--- a/20210607/toolchain-1.txt
+++ b/20210607/toolchain-1.txt
+cassini/home/peter/bo/2021ss/rtech/20210607> ls -lrt fak-r-1*
+-rw-r--r-- 1 peter peter 173 Jun  1 11:55 fak-r-1.c
+cassini/home/peter/bo/2021ss/rtech/20210607> gcc -Wall -O fak-r-1.c -S
+cassini/home/peter/bo/2021ss/rtech/20210607> ls -lrt fak-r-1*
+-rw-r--r-- 1 peter peter 173 Jun  1 11:55 fak-r-1.c
+-rw-r--r-- 1 peter peter 810 Jun  7 18:32 fak-r-1.s
+cassini/home/peter/bo/2021ss/rtech/20210607> gcc fak-r-1.s -c
+cassini/home/peter/bo/2021ss/rtech/20210607> ls -lrt fak-r-1*
+-rw-r--r-- 1 peter peter  173 Jun  1 11:55 fak-r-1.c
+-rw-r--r-- 1 peter peter  810 Jun  7 18:32 fak-r-1.s
+-rw-r--r-- 1 peter peter 1736 Jun  7 18:33 fak-r-1.o
+cassini/home/peter/bo/2021ss/rtech/20210607> gcc fak-r-1.o -o fak-r-1
+cassini/home/peter/bo/2021ss/rtech/20210607> ls -lrt fak-r-1*
+-rw-r--r-- 1 peter peter   173 Jun  1 11:55 fak-r-1.c
+-rw-r--r-- 1 peter peter   810 Jun  7 18:32 fak-r-1.s
+-rw-r--r-- 1 peter peter  1736 Jun  7 18:33 fak-r-1.o
+-rwxr-xr-x 1 peter peter 16640 Jun  7 18:34 fak-r-1
+cassini/home/peter/bo/2021ss/rtech/20210607> ./fak-r-1
+6! = 720
+cassini/home/peter/bo/2021ss/rtech/20210607>
--- a/projekte.txt
+++ b/projekte.txt
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ Rechnertechnik-Projekte:
 o Arduino als VU-Meter
 o Soft-serielle Schnittstelle per TCP/IP übertragen
 o Core War
- - Minecraft
+ o Minecraft-Taschenrechner
 Allgemeine Projektideen:
@@ -86,3 +86,9 @@ Allgemeine Projektideen:
   Doku dazu: https://howto.rc3.world/workadventure.en.html
 * 3d-Scan aus einem Film heraus
 ;) BBB: Standard-Umfrage: Ja/Nein/Enthaltung
+ o NumPad für Hexadezimalzahlen
+ - taktile Tastaturen oder andere Eingabegeräte für mobile Computer (Smartphones)
+ - Automatische Transkription in BBB und/oder PULT
+   (zum Vergleich https://github.com/jitsi/jigasi/pull/294)
+ - GNU Pascal (Compiler)
+ - adele (Verschlüsselungsroboter)